No one’s skin is perfect, and nearly everyone deals with things like discolouration, scars, and spider veins at some point. But developing spider veins may not be something you are prepared for.
Some people are at a higher risk of developing spider veins, simply because of their genetics, according to the Better Health Channel — meaning, spider veins may run in the family and so there’s only so much you can do about them.
Don't stress! Doctors say there are steps you can take to lower your risk of developing spider veins and maybe even prevent them. It’s also good to know that there are things you can take to treat spider veins if you happen to develop them. If you want to lower the risk spiders veins will be in your future, here’s what you need to know.
What are spider veins?
Spider veins are twisted veins that are usually red but may appear blue, the Better Health Channel says. They are smaller than varicose veins, but similar, and may look like tree branches or spider webs.
These veins are “visible just beneath the surface of the skin,” says dermatologist Dr Ife J. Rodney. “While spider veins are usually not harmful, they can be a cosmetic concern for some people,” she adds.
Spider veins are superficial blood vessels that are caused by larger deep veins that have valves within them that are damaged, allowing blood to flow backward, explains dermatologist Dr Susan Massick.
“These are generally harmless — they are more of a cosmetic concern than a health concern,” says dermatologist Dr Gary Goldenberg.
Where do spider veins usually show up?
Spider veins most commonly show up on the legs or face, the Better Health Channel says. However, you can technically get them anywhere.
What causes spider veins?
There are a few possible reasons why someone may develop spider veins.
“We don’t understand why, but some people are genetically predisposed to develop spider veins,” says dermatologist Dr Joshua Zeichner. “We see them more commonly in people who have fair skin, and then those who have more UV light exposure and sun damage.”
They’re also more common during high states of estrogen, like during pregnancy, Dr Zeichner says.
“Your daily routine can play a major role, especially with prolonged sitting or prolonged standing,” Dr Massick says. “It is common in teachers or healthcare workers who stand for extended periods of the day.” Having obesity, hormonal changes, or being on certain medications may also raise your risk of developing spider veins, she says.
Ultimately, though, “the biggest factor is genetics — if an immediate family member has spider veins, your risk is higher,” Dr Rodney says.
How to prevent spider veins
You can’t change your genetics, but there are a few things you can do to lower the risk you’ll develop spider veins. Dr Rodney recommends doing the following:
- Stay active and try to maintain a healthy weight
- Avoid sitting or standing in one position for too long
- Wear compression stockings or socks
- Protect your skin from the sun
- Avoid tight clothing that restricts blood flow
Dr Goldenberg says he recommends that his patients who are concerned about spider veins wear support stockings or socks during pregnancy and exercise — it’s just not a perfect solution. “Compression can help prevent spider veins, but is usually not 100% [effective],” he says.
Spider vein treatment options
If you have spider veins and they bother you, there are a few potential treatment options to consider.
One is a procedure known as sclerotherapy. With sclerotherapy, your dermatologist injects a chemical into the spider vein, causing the vein to collapse and fade from view, the Australian Society of Plastic Surgeons explains. A compression stocking is placed on each leg, and you’ll be encouraged to continue to wear them for two to three weeks along with taking daily walks. A second session may be required, depending on the severity of the veins.
Laser therapy is another option. During laser treatment, “a beam of light is directed at the affected veins, causing them to fade,” Dr Rodney says. Australian Skin Clinics recommends three treatments at six-week intervals.
When to see a doctor for spider veins
If you happen to notice spider veins and they don’t bother you, there’s no need to do anything. “Spider veins are quite harmless and do not require treatment,” Dr Massick says. If the appearance of your spider veins bother you, Dr Massick recommends seeing a dermatologist, plastic, or vascular surgeon for treatment.
It’s also a good idea to seek care if you experience symptoms like pain, swelling, leg fatigue, or sudden swelling or redness with pain or discomfort — those can be signs of a blood clot, Dr Massick points out.
Ultimately, it's best to talk to your doctor on this one.
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