New melanin research could pave way for better sunscreen

Scientists have made an exciting discovery about the structure of melanin, the pigment that gives colour to our skin, eyes, and hair. This finding brings us one step closer to developing a new and potentially super-effective sunscreen made from this biological substance found in almost all living things.

Melanin is our body's first line of defence against the sun's harmful rays. Researchers have long tried to use melanin in sunscreens and other products, but its complex and notoriously unstable structure made it difficult to study. However, a recent breakthrough has allowed scientists to understand how melanin works at a molecular level, opening the door for further research on its potential use in personal care products.

They found that melanin can convert light into heat across a wide range of wavelengths, offering broad-spectrum protection against the sun. What's more, the molecule is very small, which has practical benefits because the number of atoms needed to provide a high level of sun protection is fewer than anything reported up to now.

"As we gain a better understanding of the structure of melanin, we should be able to predictably make alternatives that perform better than what is currently available," says Jean-Phillip Lumb, an associate professor in the chemistry department at McGill University and one of the lead authors of the paper. The study was published in the journal Nature Chemistry.

While we still have more to learn and develop in this field, this discovery opens up new possibilities for creating better sunscreens in the future. We could see sunscreens that are more effective and perform better than what's currently available.

While we wait, though, we can still indulge in products already on the market, and follow these five science-backed tips to protect ourselves from the sun.

1. Use sunscreen generously

Choose a broad-spectrum sunscreen with a high SPF and apply it generously to all exposed skin. Reapply every two hours, especially if you're sweating or swimming. And yes, you need to wear sunscreen in winter, too!

2. Seek shade

When the sun is at its strongest, usually between 10 am and 4 pm, find shade to protect yourself from direct sunlight.

3. Wear protective clothing

Cover up with long-sleeved shirts, wide-brimmed hats, and sunglasses that block UV rays. These physical barriers shield your skin and eyes from the sun.